TPLOs are a common procedure used to address CCL tears in dogs (same as ACL in people). A TPLO essentially changes the standing angle of the top of the tibia (shin bone) so that there is no forward instability of the tibia during weight bearing that occurs with rupture of the cranial cruciate ligament.

Mast cell tumors (MCTs) are the most common type of skin tumor found in dogs and represent about 20% of all skin tumors.  These tumors arise from the mast cell, which is a type of cell involved in the allergic response.  Surgical Removal is the preferred treatment.

Bladder stones are hard mineral formations that develop in the bladder of dogs and cats. Certain types of stones can be dissolved by feeding veterinary prescription foods; however, many stones require surgery for removal. The surgical procedure to remove bladder stones is called a cystotomy.

A Femoral Head and Neck Ostectomy (FHO or FHNE) is a surgical procedure where the head and the neck of the femur (the thigh bone) are permanently removed. As the body heals, scar tissue will develop  creating a “false joint” that is more comfortable and results in better mobility than the diseased joint.  

Cryptorchidism is a condition in dogs and cats where one or both of the testicles fails to descend into the scrotum. If one or both testicles has failed to descend into the scrotum by 6 months of age, it is unlikely they ever will. Removal of both testicles is recommended; retained testicles are approximately 10 times more likely to develop cancer.